Fluent Python

Record some trick of python3

reference

• Fluent Python https://evanli.github.io/programming-book-3/Python/Fluent%20Python.pdf
• python3-cookbook https://python3-cookbook.readthedocs.io/zh_CN/latest/preface.html

Building Lists of Lists

>>> board = [['_'] * 3 for i in range(3)]
>>> board
[['_', '_', '_'], ['_', '_', '_'], ['_', '_', '_']] >>> board[1][2] = 'X'
>>> board [['_', '_', '_'], ['_', '_', 'X'], ['_', '_', '_']]

# A list with three references to the same list is useless
>>> weird_board = [['_'] * 3] * 3
>>> weird_board
[['_', '_', '_'], ['_', '_', '_'], ['_', '_', '_']]
>>> weird_board[1][2] = 'O'
>>> weird_board
[['_', '_', 'O'], ['_', '_', 'O'], ['_', '_', 'O']]

A += Assignment Puzzler

>>> t = (1, 2, [10, 20])
>>> t[2] += [1, 1]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
>>> t
(1, 2, [10, 20, 1, 1])

difference between dir and dict in python

• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14361256/whats-the-biggest-difference-between-dir-and-dict-in-python
  The same applies to many built-in types; lists do not have a dict attribute, but you can still list all the attributes using dir()

PyCharm

The Python IDE for Professional Developers https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/

• wechat article https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/dc2vR8mcVsXJirIcRpsLYg

issue

Record issue that I cannot find in google

.DS_Store

after operation in some one folder, there is .DS_Store. Then I run following code

for fn in os.listdir("migrations/versions"):
    if fn == "__pycache__":
        continue
    with open(f"migrations/versions/{fn}") as f:
        first_line = f.readline()

# error is UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xa9 in position 1087: invalid start byte
    first_line = f.readline()
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.7/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/codecs.py", line 322, in decode
    (result, consumed) = self._buffer_decode(data, self.errors, final)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xb2 in position 319: invalid start byte

after deleting .DS_Store, all is good.

pycharm stuck

If you open PyCharm is always stuck, you can try delete this .idea folder

faster your pycharm